Insatser och remitteringsprocesser vid social förskrivning för ofrivillig ensamhet
Sammanställning av systematiska översikter från SBU:s upplysningstjänst
Fråga
Vilken sammanställd forskning finns om insatser och remitteringsprocesser vid social förskrivning med avsikt att förebygga eller motverka ofrivillig ensamhet och social isolering?
Frågeställare: Folkhälsomyndigheten
Sammanfattning
Kunskapsläget
Den här rapporten har som mål att identifiera systematiska översikter som beskrivit social förskrivning för alla åldrar. Resultaten redovisas på ett överskådligt sätt, med fokus på remitteringsförfarande och vilka insatser som förskrivits. Totalt identifierades 27 systematiska översikter som publicerats från år 2015. Alla typer av design av systematiska översikter har inkluderats, såsom kartläggande översikter, metasynteser, realist reviews, och ingen avgränsning har gjorts för design hos de inkluderade primärstudierna. De systematiska översikterna har inte bedömts för risk för bias och därför presenteras inga resultat. Istället redovisas en kartläggning av processer och insatser i tabeller.
Vad har vi kommit fram till
Många olika typer av professioner remitterar patienter från flera olika vårdkontexter. Social förskrivning sker främst på initiativ av läkare och sjuksköterskor i primärvården men även andra professioner och andra kontexter förekommer. Insatserna varierar mycket och förmedlas ofta via en samordnare som tillsammans med patienten bedömer vilken insats som passar bäst. Därefter hjälper samordnaren patienten att komma i kontakt med rätt insats. Vissa insatser är bestämda i förväg, till exempel kultur på recept, naturbaserade insatser, rådgivning eller fysisk aktivitet på recept. Det finns många olika anledningar till att social förskrivning används, och personer i olika åldrar kan få sådant stöd.
Bakgrund
Social förskrivning är enligt Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) en process där hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal förmedlar patienter till olika typer av icke-medicinska insatser i syfte att förbättra hälsa och välbefinnande [1]. Social förskrivning kan genomföras på flera sätt; via en samordnare (engelska: link worker), genom direkta förskrivningar, via en enhet eller via anslagstavla eller informationssajt (engelska: signposting) [2]. Social förskrivning kan dessutom omfatta många olika typer av insatser [3].
SBU gjorde år 2025 en förstudie om social förskrivning för personer över 60 år [4]. I förstudien utgick man från en modell för social förskrivning där det fanns en samordnare (engelska: link worker) och att insatsen skulle resultera i socialt umgänge. Det skiljer sig från WHO:s definition av social förskrivning som den här rapporten bygger på. Förstudien visade bland annat att det fanns få publicerade studier om social förskrivning för personer över 60 år, och att det behövs fler välgjorda studier innan insatsen införs.
Frågeställning
Upplysningstjänsten har tillsammans med frågeställaren formulerat frågan enligt följande PICO1:
- Population: Personer med upplevd ofrivillig ensamhet.
- Intervention: Social förskrivning med syfte att förebygga eller motverka ofrivillig ensamhet, oberoende av process/arbetssätt och insats.
- Control: Annan aktiv, sedvanlig behandling, väntelista eller ingen behandling.
- Outcome: Ofrivillig ensamhet, social isolering, sociala kontakter, socialt kapital, socialt deltagande, socialt stöd, känsla av samhörighet, social inkludering, social samverkan, social deprivation, social tillit, mellanmänskliga relationer eller vänskap.
Vi inkluderar systematiska översikter publicerade i vetenskapliga tidskrifter samt systematiska översikter från myndigheter och HTA-organisationer som har publicerats på engelska eller ett av de skandinaviska språken. Alla typer av systematiska översikter inkluderas och ingen avgränsning har gjorts angående studiedesign hos de inkluderade primärstudierna.
Vi inkluderar endast systematiska översikter där minst en primärstudie uppfyller åtminstone ett av kriterierna för population, intervention eller outcome. Information från översikter rörande primärstudier extraheras och presenteras nedan i resultatredovisning.
1. PICO är en förkortning för patient/population/problem, intervention (insats, behandling)/, comparison/control (jämförelseintervention (insats, behandling)) och outcome (utfallsmått).
Resultat
Vi inkluderade 27 systematiska översikter som beskriver insatser genom social förskrivning där minst en primärstudie uppfyller åtminstone ett av kriterierna för population, intervention, eller outcome [5-31].
De systematiska översikterna är publicerade år 2015 [20], 2020 [25], 2021 [12], 2022 [5] [10] [17] [23] [30], 2023 [6] [9] [15] [26], 2024 [7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 16, 18, 24, 27, 29, 31] och 2025 [19] [21] [22] [28].
Primärstudierna i översikterna har till övervägande majoritet utförts i Storbritannien [5-7, 9, 12, 14-25, 27-31]. Andra länder som representerats i översikterna är Australien [8, 12-14, 16, 23, 24, 28], Irland [24] [27], Kanada [14] [28], Nederländerna [12] [14], Portugal [6], Sverige [16], Sydkorea [26] [27] och USA [6] [27].
Orsakerna till social förskrivning var långvariga sjukdomstillstånd, psykisk ohälsa eller psykiatriska diagnoser, ensamhetsproblematik, mångbesökare i sjukvården, livskris eller sorg, anhörigvårdare, eller annan psykosocial problematik som bostadsproblem, ekonomiska problem, arbetslöshet eller relationsproblematik.
Det fanns stor variation i hur översikterna rapporterade ålder, i vissa angavs ålder som kriterium för inklusion i studierna, medan andra rapporterade ålder som medelvärde. Insatserna gavs till personer av alla åldrar och åldersspannen inkluderade ofta personer från 30 till 90 år, det vill säga inte enbart en äldre population. Medelåldern var ofta runt 50 till 60 år i studierna. En översikt inkluderade studier med barn i åldern 2–12 år, där barnläkare remitterade till en naturbaserad insats [6].
Vem som remitterar, hur remitteringsprocessen ser ut, och vad för typer av insatser som förskrivs inom ramen för social förskrivning varierar stort. Nedan beskrivs de olika typer av remitteringsprocesser och insatser vi har identifierat i de inkluderade översikterna. En tabellsammanställning av remitteringsprocesser och insatstyper finns i Tabell 1 och 2.
Vi beskriver de systematiska översikterna baserat på den information som författarna presenterat och har inte gjort en ny eller egen sammanställning. Resultaten har inte analyserats utifrån svenska förhållanden.
Remitteringsprocess
Remitteringsprocess innefattar dels remittent, det vill säga profession och vårdkontext, dels förskrivningsprocessen, det vill säga vägen från remittent till insats.
- Remittent
Vi delade in professioner och kontexter som beskrevs i översikterna i tio yrkeskategorier och sju kontexttyper (Tabell 1). Den vanligast vårdkontext där social förskrivning initierades var primärvård [5-17, 19-29, 31]. Därefter följde multikontextuell initiering, vilket innebär att flera olika aktörer var involverade, till exempel hälso- och sjukvård, kommunal verksamhet eller civilsamhälle [6] [23] [27] [28] [30]. De minst vanliga kontexterna för initiering var skola respektive civilsamhälle som ensam aktör [6] [19].
Den vanligaste professionen som remittent var läkare i primärvård (Tabell 1). I många av översikterna skedde remittering från flera olika professioner och kontexter samtidigt, något vi här kallar multiprofession. Ett exempel på detta var studier där anhörigvårdare till personer med demens kunde remitteras både från olika hälso- och sjukvårdsprofessioner inom primärvården, från minnesmottagningar på sjukhus och från patientföreningar i civilsamhället [19]. - Förskrivningsprocess
Vi delade in förskrivningsprocesserna i sex kategorier (Tabell 2). I de flesta översikterna beskrevs insatser där en samordnare (engelska: link worker) tog emot remissen och hjälpte personen att komma i kontakt med rätt insats [5-17, 19-29, 31]. I vissa översikter kunde samordnare ha en mer omfattande roll, där samordnaren även identifierade personens behov, tog reda på vilka insatser som personen var intresserad av och gjorde slutligen en bedömning av vilken insats som var mest lämplig [5, 7-17, 19-28, 31]. I vissa fall följde samordnaren också upp den sociala förskrivningen. Två studier kallade denna uppföljning för återkoppling (engelska: feedback loop) [8] [23]. En annan vanlig förskrivningsprocess var direktremittering där remittenten satte personen i direkt kontakt med en insats [6, 7, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 23, 24, 28, 30]. En mer ovanlig förskrivningsprocess var när personen fick en hänvisning till en anslagstavla eller informationssajt (engelska: signposting) av remittenten och själv fick välja och initiera insatsen [5] [6] [14] [29]. Ytterligare en ovanlig process var användningen av en så kallad hub, en organisation som tog emot remissen istället för en specifik person [12] [20] [28].
| PROFESSION | KONTEXT | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Civil-samhälle | Kommunal vård- och omsorg | Multi-kontext | Primärvård | Sjukhus | Skola | Inte definierat | |
| Arbetsterapeut | [6] | ||||||
| Care coordinator | [23] | ||||||
| Frivilligorganisation | [19] | ||||||
| Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal, ospecificerat |
[5, 9, 14-16, 20-23, 25, 27, 31] | [6] | [14] [26] [27] | ||||
| Läkare | [6-10, 12-15, 17, 20, 22-29, 31] | [6] | |||||
| Multiprofession | [6-8, 14, 16, 18, 19, 21, 23, 27, 28] | [14] | |||||
| Psykiatri- sjuksköterska |
[28] [30] | [16] | |||||
| Psykolog | [6] | ||||||
| Sjuksköterska | [14, 24, 28, 31] [23, 27] | [14] | |||||
| Inte definierat | [28] | [22] [28] | [11, 12, 19, 23, 28, 29] | [23] | |||
Insatser
Vi delade in insatserna i tio insatstyper utifrån vad som beskrevs i översikterna (Tabell 2). När mer detaljerad information om en insats fanns tillgänglig använde vi den för att ge exempel på vilken typ av insatser som avsågs inom respektive insatstyp.
- Bred ansats
I 23 översikter beskrevs en bred ansats som bestod av flera olika typer av insatser [5, 7-17, 19-28, 31]. Denna ansats kallades i vissa översikter för holistisk eller skräddarsydd och innebär att olika former av stöd eller aktiviteter kombineras utifrån den enskildes önskningar och behov.
De insatser som ingick kunde vara:
- konst- och hantverksaktiviteter [8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 21, 23-25, 27, 28, 31]
- fysiska aktiviteter [10, 11, 14, 21, 23-25, 27, 28, 31]
- rådgivning och stöd [8, 10, 11, 14, 19, 23-25, 27, 31]
- sociala aktiviteter [10-12, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23-25, 27, 28, 31]
- utbildningsinsatser [8, 10, 14, 23, 25, 27, 31]
- information riktad till den enskilde [5] [23].
Fysiska aktiviteter innefattade massageterapi [11], träning [10, 23, 24, 27, 28, 31], bowling [10], promenadgrupper [10] [25] [31], dans [10], trädgårdsarbete [14] [27] [31], yoga och avslappning [14] [23], hästterapi [23], simning [27], eller fiske [27] [31].
Rådgivning och stöd kunde gälla praktiskt stöd som arbetssökande [11] [25] [31], återgång i arbete efter sjukskrivning [10], karriärrådgivning [14], boendestöd [8] [11] [14] [25] [31], juridisk rådgivning [11], information om sociala förmåner [10], ekonomisk- och skuldrådgivning [10, 11, 14, 19, 25, 31], eller hjälp att ta sig till andra aktiviteter [14] [23] [24]. Rådgivning och stöd kunde även gälla personens fysiska och psykiska hälsa som viktminskning [10] [11] [27], fallprevention [23] [27], egenvård [24] [27] [31], vårdplanering [8], självhjälpsgrupper [27], relationsrådgivning [8] [31] och beroendestöd [24] [27].
Sociala aktiviteter innefattade matlagning [12], biblioteks- [11] eller galleribesök [16], kyrkoaktiviteter [11], volontärarbete [10] [14] [23] [24] [31], lunchklubbar [14] [23], demenskafé [19], samt stöd-, nätverks- eller kamratgrupper [11, 14, 19, 23-25, 28].
Utbildning som insats beskrevs i tre översikter som datorkurser [23] [25] [27].
Information till den enskilde beskrevs som signposting (se punkt b under rubriken Remitteringsprocess) och innehöll information om, eller hänvisning till, personligt stöd (engelska: advocacy), hälsotränare eller sociala kaféer [5] [23].
I flera översikter gavs även mer generella beskrivningar att insatsen. Där framgick att insatsen utgick från personens behov och att personen kopplades samman med frivilligorganisationer, men utan att några specifika aktiviteter eller stödformer angavs [5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 17, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 31]. - Egenvård
Två översikter beskrev egenvård som insats [15] [23]. I båda beskrevs insatsen bara övergripande och kunde innebära antingen egenvård eller gruppaktiviteter. En av översikterna angav även att insatsen innehöll specifik rådgivning om hur man kan minska risken för hjärt-kärlsjukdom [23]. - Fysisk aktivitet på recept (engelska: exercise on prescription)
Två översikter beskrev träning på recept vilket innebar att personer fick tillgång till, eller deltog i aktiviteter på, gym, rekreationsanläggningar eller sportlokaler [11] [19]. - Information
Tre översikter beskrev information som insats [20] [23] [25]. Informationen kunde innefatta vilka olika resurser som fanns att tillgå i samhället [20] [23] eller information om en särskild organisation [25]. - Kultur på recept (engelska: arts on prescription)
Konst som social förskrivning med perspektivet ofrivillig ensamhet fanns beskrivna i tolv översikter [7, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 23, 25, 26, 28-30]. Insatsen inkluderade flera olika konstbeskrivningar: visuell konst [16], fotografi [16] [28], dans eller rörelse [16] [28], teater [16] [28], sång [16] [25] och musik [16] [26] [28], poesi [23], keramik [23] [28], rita och måla [23] [28] [29], mosaik [23] [29], hantverk [28], museibesök [28], författarverksamhet [29].
Konst kunde även ingå tillsammans med andra kreativa insatser, som trädgårdsarbete och matlagning [19]. I vissa fall så var konsten kopplad till naturen, till exempel genom att måla naturmotiv eller torka blommor [30].
I flera översikter fanns ingen närmare beskrivning av vad som avsågs med konstinsatsen [7, 10, 14, 16, 19, 23, 25, 28, 29]. I andra översikter gavs bara generella beskrivningar, som att insatsen handlade om kreativitet [28], konst och hantverk [12] [28], eller olika konsttekniker [25]. - Natur
Naturbaserade insatser fanns beskrivna i åtta översikter [6, 8, 14, 18, 23, 27, 28, 30]. Beskrivningar av insatsen inkluderade surfing [6], fiske [6], camping [6], promenader [6], strandlekar [6], segling [6], trädgårdsaktiviteter [14] [18] [23] [27] [28] och guidade turer [28].
En översikt beskrev miljövård som naturbaserad insats vilket innefattade flera olika aktiviteter som ogräsrensning, bygga fågelholkar, orientering, motion i natur, fotografering, och besök på landsbygdsmuseum [30].
I två översikter beskrevs insatsen mer i generella termer som skogsterapi i gruppformat [8] eller fritidsaktiviteter [6]. - Rådgivning (engelska: counselling)
En översikt beskrev rådgivning som insats och det innefattade bland annat karriärs-, relations-, och familjerådgivning [19]. - Stöd att delta i aktivitet
I tre översikter beskrevs insatser där en samordnare (engelska: link worker) stödjer personen att ta sig till, och delta i möten med, organisationer, samt att främja deltagande i aktiviteter [20] [23] [26]. - Stödgrupp
Två översikter beskrev deltagande i stödgrupp som insats, vilket innefattade demenskaféer, nätverksbyggande grupper, kamrat- eller psykosocialt stöd [14] [19]. - Volontärarbete
En översikt beskrev att insatsen var deltagande i olika lokala och nationella volontärgrupper, men gav ingen närmare beskrivning om vad för aktiviteter som innefattades [25].
En översikt beskrev att insatsen innefattade så kallade ”time credits”, vilket innebar deltagande i aktiviteter på en volontärorganisation i utbyte av icke-monetär ersättning för den tid som personen bidrog med [23].
| INSATS | FÖRSKRIVNINGSPROCESS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anslagstavla/ Informations- sajt |
Direkt- remittering |
Feedback | Hub/ Organisation |
Samordnare | Kombination | |
| Bred ansats | [5] [14] | [12] [20] [24] [28] | [8] [23] | [12] | [5, 7-17, 19-28, 31] | [16] |
| Egenvård | [12] [15] [23] | |||||
| Fysisk aktivitet på recept |
[6] | [6] [11] [19] | ||||
| Information | [20] | [14] [20] [23] [25] | ||||
| Kultur på recept |
[29] | [7, 10, 14, 16, 23, 28, 30] | [26] | [12-14, 19, 23, 25, 26, 29] | ||
| Natur | [6] | [6] [18] [23] [28] [30] | [6, 8, 14, 19, 23, 27, 28] | [6] | ||
| Rådgivning | [19] | |||||
| Stöd att delta i aktivitet |
[20] [23] [26] | |||||
| Stödgrupp | [14] [19] [25] [26] | |||||
| Volontär- arbete |
[23] | [25] | ||||
SBU:s kommentarer
- I denna sammanställning har vi sökt och identifierat systematiska översikter och redovisar enbart hur primärstudierna beskrivs på översiktsnivå. Beskrivningarna av insatserna kommer alltså inte från de inkluderade primärstudierna utan är beroende av hur väl informationen rapporterats i den systematiska översikten.
- Mycket stora variationer fanns mellan remitteringsorsak, remittent, kontext, eller förskriven insats.
- Vår sammanställning visar att social förskrivning innefattar mer än enbart en samordnare (engelska: link worker) eller enskilda insatser. Den sociala förskrivningen innefattar inte en specifik insats utan snarare flera samverkande kontexter eller huvudmän som initierar, professioner som remitterar, processer som faciliterar och slutligen insatser som personer förskrivits. Om mer restriktiva inklusionskriterier av social förskrivning tillämpats hade information om annan form av social förskrivning exkluderats.
Lästips
Vi identifierade även tre översikter som kan vara av relevans för att få en överblick av social förskrivning. En studierna är en konceptanalys som handlar om hur begreppet social förskrivning definieras och används [32]. En annan är en realist review som beskriver hur social förskrivning fungerar och för vilka den passar [2]. Den tredje översikten tar upp faktorer som underlättar och försvårar implementering av social förskrivning [33].
Metod
Sökning
Upplysningstjänsten gör en systematisk sökning i minst två vetenskapliga databaser. Fullständig sökdokumentation finns i Bilaga 1.
Urval
Bedömning av vilka artiklar som är relevanta sker i två steg och utgår från frågeställningen.
- Två utredare läser titel och sammanfattning av alla identifierade artiklar från sökningen, och gör en oberoende bedömning av artiklarnas relevans.
- Artiklarna som valts ut i steg 1 läses i fulltext av två utredare, som gör en oberoende bedömning av artiklarnas relevans.
Vid fulltextgranskning valde vi att inkludera alla översikter som, i redovisningen av primärstudier, innehöll information om vem eller var förskrivningen initierades, hur remitteringsprocessen genomfördes och vad insatsen bestod av. Dessutom krävdes att antingen populationen eller utfallet avsåg att förebygga eller motverka ofrivillig ensamhet, social isolering, social deprivation, eller att främja sociala kontakter, socialt kapital, socialt deltagande, socialt stöd, känsla av samhörighet, social inkludering, social samverkan, social tillit, mellanmänskliga relationer och vänskap. Vi valde att inkludera alla typer av systematiska översikter och gjorde ingen avgränsning i studiedesign hos de inkluderade primärstudierna.
Med remitteringsprocess avser vi här vägen från remittent till insats. Våra inklusionskriterier för remitteringsprocessen baserades på ett förarbete som visade att social förskrivning kan innefatta olika typer av processer; användning av koordinator (engelska: link worker), direkta förskrivningar, förskrivningar via en enhet eller via anslagstavla eller informationssajt (engelska: signposting) [2]. Förarbetet visade även att social förskrivning kunde innefatta många olika typer av insatser [3] och vi valde därför att inte exkludera någon typ av insats. Detta innebar att vi även inkluderade insatser som inte på förhand var namngivna eller utsedda.
Extraktion av relevanta data gjordes av två oberoende granskare.
Skillnader i bedömningarna löses genom diskussion.
Flödesschema för urval av artiklar finns i Bilaga 2. Exkluderade artiklar finns i Bilaga 3.
Ingen bedömning av risk för bias i relevanta systematiska översikterna har gjorts.
Vetenskapliga kunskapsluckor
Om sammanställd forskning av god kvalitet saknas registreras det som en vetenskaplig kunskapslucka i SBU:s databas över vetenskapliga kunskapsluckor. Kunskapsluckan kan bestå i att forskning helt saknas, att primärstudier finns men att det inte finns någon systematisk översikt, eller att de existerande systematiska översikterna inte bedöms leva upp till kraven för låg eller måttlig risk för bias.
Databasen över vetenskapliga kunskapsluckor kan nås via: https://www.sbu.se/sv/kunskapsluckor-sok/
Projektgrupp
Detta svar är sammanställt av Marie Nilsson (utredare), Erik Eriksson (utredare), Jens Fust (utredare), Sara Fundell (projektadministratör), Emma Wojda (enhetschef), Maral Jolstedt (intern sakkunnig) samt Pernilla Östlund (avdelningschef) vid SBU.
Referenser
- A toolkit on how to implement social prescribing. Manila: World Health Organization (WHO). Regional Office for the Western Pacific; 2022. [accessed Dec 12 2025]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789290619765
- Husk K, Blockley K, Lovell R, Bethel A, Bloomfield D, Warber S, et al. What approaches to social prescribing work, for whom, and in what circumstances? A protocol for a realist review. Syst Rev. 2016;5:93. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0269-6
- Chatterjee HJ, Camic PM, Lockyer B, Thomson LJM. Non-clinical community interventions: a systematised review of social prescribing schemes. Arts Health. 2017;10(2):97–123. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/17533015.2017.1334002
- Öppna mötesplatser och möjligheten att nå svårnådda äldre personer med fokus på social förskrivning. Stockholm: Statens beredning för medicinsk och social utvärdering (SBU); 2025. SBU Förstudie SBU 2025/63. [accessed Dec 12 2025]. Available from: https://www.sbu.se/sv/publikationer/forstudie-sammanfattning/forstudie-oppna-motesplatser-och-mojligheten-att-na-svarnadda-aldre-personer-med-fokus-pa-social-forskrivning/
- Al-Khudairy L, Ayorinde A, Ghosh I, Grove A, Harlock J, Meehan E, et al. Evidence and methods required to evaluate the impact for patients who use social prescribing: a rapid systematic review and qualitative interviews. Health Soc Care Deliv Res. 2022;10(29). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3310/RMJH0230
- Alejandre JC, Chastin S, Irvine KN, Georgiou M, Khanna P, Tieges Z, et al. Contextual Factors and Programme Theories Associated with Implementing Blue Prescription Programmes: A Systematic Realist Review. Health Soc Care Community. 2023;2023:1–24. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6551521
- Ashe MC, Dos Santos IK, Alfares H, Chudyk AM, Esfandiari E. Outcomes and instruments used in social prescribing: a modified umbrella review. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can. 2024;44(6):244–69. Available from: https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.44.6.02
- Baker JR, Bissett M, Freak-Poli R, Dingle GA, Zurynski Y, Astell-Burt T, et al. Australian link worker social prescribing programs: An integrative review. PLoS One. 2024;19(11):e0309783. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309783
- Bernard K, Wildman JM, Tanner LM, Stoniute A, Still M, Green R, et al. Experiences of Non-Pharmaceutical Primary Care Interventions for Common Mental Health Disorders in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Groups: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(7). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20075237
- Bild E, Pachana NA. Social prescribing: A narrative review of how community engagement can improve wellbeing in later life. J Community Appl Soc Psychol. 2022;32(6):1148–215. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2631
- Bos C, de Weger E, Wildeman I, Pannebakker N, Kemper PF. Implement social prescribing successfully towards embedding: what works, for whom and in which context? A rapid realist review. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1):1836. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18688-3
- Calderon-Larranaga S, Milner Y, Clinch M, Greenhalgh T, Finer S. Tensions and opportunities in social prescribing. Developing a framework to facilitate its implementation and evaluation in primary care: a realist review. BJGP Open. 2021;5(3). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0017
- Dash S, McNamara S, de Courten M, Calder R. Social prescribing for suicide prevention: a rapid review. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1396614. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1396614
- Dubbeldeman EM, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Ardesch FH, Boelens M, van der Velde LA, van der Steen SGL, et al. Intervention Characteristics and Mechanisms and Their Relationship with the Influence of Social Prescribing: A Systematic Review. Health Soc Care Community. 2024;2024(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5597259
- Grover S, Sandhu P, Nijjar GS, Percival A, Chudyk AM, Liang J, et al. Older adults and social prescribing experience, outcomes, and processes: a meta-aggregation systematic review. Public Health. 2023;218:197–207. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2023.02.016
- Jensen A, Holt N, Honda S, Bungay H. The impact of arts on prescription on individual health and wellbeing: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1412306. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1412306
- Kiely B, Croke A, O'Shea M, Boland F, O'Shea E, Connolly D, et al. Effect of social prescribing link workers on health outcomes and costs for adults in primary care and community settings: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(10):e062951. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062951
- Lavelle Sachs A, Kolster A, Wrigley J, Papon V, Opacin N, Hill N, et al. Connecting through nature: A systematic review of the effectiveness of nature-based social prescribing practices to combat loneliness. Landsc Urban Plan. 2024;248. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105071
- Marshall J, Papavasiliou E, Allan L, Bradbury K, Fox C, Hawkes M, et al. Reimagining Dementia Care: A Complex Intervention Systematic Review on Optimising Social Prescribing (SP) for Carers of People Living With Dementia (PLWD) in the United Kingdom. Health Expect. 2025;28(3):e70286. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.70286
- Mossabir R, Morris R, Kennedy A, Blickem C, Rogers A. A scoping review to understand the effectiveness of linking schemes from healthcare providers to community resources to improve the health and well-being of people with long-term conditions. Health Soc Care Community. 2015;23(5):467–84. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12176
- Muhl C, Cornish E, Zhou XA, Mulligan K, Bayoumi I, Ashcroft R, et al. Social Prescribing for Children and Youth: A Scoping Review. Health Soc Care Community. 2025;2025(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/hsc/5265529
- Mulholland J, Galway K, O’Hare L, Bertotti M, Gildea A, Lalani M. The Social Prescribing Link Worker—Clarifying the Role to Harness Potential: A Scoping Review. Health Soc Care Community. 2025;2025(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/hsc/4394123
- Napierala H, Kruger K, Kuschick D, Heintze C, Herrmann WJ, Holzinger F. Social Prescribing: Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Psychosocial Community Referral Interventions in Primary Care. Int J Integr Care. 2022;22(3):11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.6472
- Oliveira D, Henriques A, Nogueira P, Costa A. Impact of social prescribing intervention on people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a primary healthcare context: a systematic literature review of effectiveness. J Public Health (Berl). 2024. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-024-02315-x
- Pescheny JV, Randhawa G, Pappas Y. The impact of social prescribing services on service users: a systematic review of the evidence. Eur J Public Health. 2020;30(4):664–73. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz078
- Rapo E, Johansson E, Jonsson F, Hornsten A, Lundgren AS, Nilsson I. Critical components of social prescribing programmes with a focus on older adults - a systematic review. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2023;41(3):326–42. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/02813432.2023.2237078
- Sadio R, Henriques A, Nogueira P, Costa A. Social prescription for the elderly: a community-based scoping review. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2024;25:e46. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423624000410
- Spanos S, Wijekulasuriya S, Ellis LA, Saba M, Schroeder T, Officer C, et al. Integrating Non-Clinical Supports into Care: A Systematic Review of Social Prescribing Referral Pathways for Mental Health, Wellbeing, and Psychosocial Improvement. Int J Integr Care. 2025;25(3):21. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.9127
- Staras CO, Wakefield JRH, McDermott DT, Jones BA. An evaluation of the role of social identity processes for enhancing health outcomes within UK‐based social prescribing initiatives designed to increase social connection and reduce loneliness: A systematic review. J Community Appl Soc Psychol. 2024;34(5). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2878
- Thomas T, Aggar C, Baker J, Massey D, Thomas M, D'Appio D, et al. Social prescribing of nature therapy for adults with mental illness living in the community: A scoping review of peer-reviewed international evidence. Front Psychol. 2022;13:1041675. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1041675
- Yadav UN, Paudel G, Ghimire S, Khatiwada B, Gurung A, Parsekar SS, et al. A rapid review of opportunities and challenges in the implementation of social prescription interventions for addressing the unmet needs of individuals living with long-term chronic conditions. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1):306. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17736-2
- Calderon-Larranaga S, Greenhalgh T, Finer S, Clinch M. What does the literature mean by social prescribing? A critical review using discourse analysis. Sociol Health Illn. 2022;44(4-5):848–68. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13468
- Pescheny JV, Pappas Y, Randhawa G. Facilitators and barriers of implementing and delivering social prescribing services: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):86. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-2893-4
Bilaga 1 Dokumentation av sökstrategier
Upplysningstjänsten har gjort sökningar i databaserna Medline (Ovid), Scopus, PsycInfo, Academic Search Premiere, CINAHL, ERIC, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, SocIndex, och Social Service Abstract/Sociological Abstracts. En referenssökning på utvalda artiklar har utförts.
Sökningen har begränsats till systematiska översikter.
Nedan redovisas sökningen som gjorts i de vetenskapliga databaserna.
Medline via OvidSP 11 September 2025
| / = Term from the MeSH controlled vocabulary; .sh = Term from the MeSH controlled vocabulary; exp = Term from MeSH including terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; .ti,ab = Title or abstract; .tw = Title or abstract; .kf = Keywords; .kw = Keywords, exact; .bt = Book title. NLM Bookshelf; .pt = Publication type; .ja = Journal abbreviation; .af = All fields; adjn = Adjacent. Proximity operator retrieving adjacent words, adj3 retrieves records with search terms within two terms from each other; * or $ = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase a. Cochrane Highly Sensitive Search Strategy for identifying randomized trials in MEDLINE: sensitivity- and precision-maximizing version (2008 revision); Ovid format. The Cochrane Collaboration; 2008. Available from: https://training.cochrane.org/handbook/current/chapter-04-technical-supplement-searching-and-selecting-studies#section-3-6-1. with modifications: the following terms are added: clinical trial, phase iii.pt. ; randomised.ab. ; ("Phase 3" or "phase3" or "phase III" or P3 or "PIII").ti,ab,kw. |
||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | Social Prescribing/ | 33 |
| 2. | (community prescri* or community referral* or link* scheme* or link worker* or social prescri* or social referral*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 1250 |
| 3. | ((community) adj2 (navigation or navigator* or connector*)).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 246 |
| 4. | (Community adj2 activit*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 4356 |
| 5. | (book* on referral* or book* on prescription* or prescribing book*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 6 |
| 6. | ((nature or gardening) adj3 (prescription* or referral*)).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 189 |
| 7. | ((prescrib*) adj3 (nature or gardening)).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 107 |
| 8. | (eco therap* or ecotherap*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 24 |
| 9. | (green gym* or (green adj3 prescription*)).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 88 |
| 10. | (time bank*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 29 |
| 11. | ((signpost* or information*) adj3 (prescription* or referral*)).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 3055 |
| 12. | (art* for health or art* on referral* or art* on prescription* or prescribing art*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 2130 |
| 13. | (danc* for health or danc* on referral* or danc* on prescription* or prescribing danc*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 92 |
| 14. | (education* on referral* or education* on prescription* or prescribing education*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 131 |
| 15. | (exercis* on referral* or exercis* on prescription* or prescribing exercis*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 520 |
| 16. | (museum* for health or museum* on referral* or museum* on prescription* or prescribing museum*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 49 |
| 17. | (culture for health or culture on referral* or culture on prescription* or prescribing culture).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 1257 |
| 18. | (heritage for health or heritage on referral* or heritage on prescription* or prescribing heritage).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 30 |
| 19. | (drama for health or drama on referral* or drama on prescription* or prescribing drama).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 11 |
| 20. | (music for health or music on referral* or music on prescription* or prescribing music).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 83 |
| 21. | (singing for health or singing on referral or singing on prescription or prescribing singing).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 23 |
| 22. | (craft* for health or craft* on referral or craft* on prescription or prescribing craft*).ti,bt,kf,ab. | 1 |
| 23. | OR 1-22/ | 13 545 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trialsa | ||
| 24. | ((Systematic Review/ or Meta-Analysis/ or Cochrane Database Syst Rev.ja. or (((systematic or realist or integrative or qualitative or mixed method* or evidence or critical or scoping or mapping or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic) adj4 (review or synthe*)) or "meta analys*" or metaanalys* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*).ti,bt,ab,kf.) not (editorial/ or letter/ or case reports/)) | 748 387 |
| Final result | ||
| 25. | 23 AND 24 | 894 |
Scopus via scopus.com 11 September 2025
| TITLE-ABS-KEY = Title, abstract or keywords (including indexed keywords and author keywords); ALL = All fields; W/n = Within. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other; PRE/n = Precedes by. Proximity operator, the first term in the search must precede the second by n words; LIMIT-TO (X) = Includes only results of specified type, e.g., publication type or time range; DOCTYPE = Publication type; “re” = review; “le” = letter; “ed” = editorial; “ch” = book chapter; “cp” = conference proceedings; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase | ||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("community prescri*" OR "community referral*" OR "link* scheme*" OR "link worker*" OR "social prescri*" OR "social referral*") | 2095 |
| 2. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (Community W/2 activit*) | 20 791 |
| 3. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ((Community) W/2 (navigation OR navigator OR connector)) | 679 |
| 4. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“book* on referral*” OR ”book* on prescription*” OR ”prescribing book*”) | 15 |
| 5. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ((nature OR gardening) W/3 (prescription* OR referral*)) | 451 |
| 6. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ((prescrib*) W/3 (nature OR gardening)) | 337 |
| 7. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (”eco therap*” OR ecotherap*) | 184 |
| 8. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (”green gym*” OR (green W/3 prescription*)) | 182 |
| 9. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("time bank*") | 389 |
| 10. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ((signpost* OR information) W/3 (prescription* OR referrall*)) | 2952 |
| 11. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“art* for health” OR “art* on referral” OR “art* on prescription” OR “prescribing art*”) | 160 |
| 12. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“danc* for health” OR “danc* on referral*” OR “danc* on prescription*” OR “prescribing danc*”) | 38 |
| 13. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“educat* on referral*” OR “educat* on prescription*” OR “prescribing educat*”) | 148 |
| 14. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“exercis* on referral*” OR “exercis* on prescription*” OR “prescribing exercis*”) | 640 |
| 15. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“museum* for health” OR “museum* on referral” OR “museum* on prescription” OR “prescribing museum*”) | 6 |
| 16. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“culture for health” OR “culture on referral*” OR “culture on prescription*” OR “prescribing culture”) | 92 |
| 17. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“heritage for health” OR “heritage on referral” OR “heritage on prescription” OR “prescribing heritage”) | 0 |
| 18. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“drama for health” OR “drama on referral” OR “drama on prescription” OR “prescribing drama”) | 2 |
| 19. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“music for health” OR “music on referral” OR “music on prescription” OR “prescribing music”) | 34 |
| 20. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“singing for health” OR “singing on referral” OR “singing on prescription” OR “prescribing singing”) | 9 |
| 21. | TITLE-ABS-KEY (“craft* for health” OR “craft* on referral” OR “craft* on prescription” OR “prescribing craft*”) | 3 |
| 22. | OR 1-21/ | 28 978 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trials | ||
| 23. | TITLE-ABS ((( systematic OR realist OR integrative OR qualitative OR evidence OR critical OR "mixed method*" or evidence or critical or scoping or mapping or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic) W/3 (review OR synthes*)) OR ("meta analys*" OR metaanalys* OR meta synthe* OR metasynthe* OR "meta narrative" OR meta aggreg* OR meta ethnograph*)) AND (EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE,"le") OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE,"ed") OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE,"ch") OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE,"cp")) | 783 763 |
| Final result | ||
| 24. | 22 AND 23 | 859 |
APA PsycInfo via EBSCO 15 September 2025
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); MH = Exact subject heading, indexed keywords; TX = All text; PT = Publication type; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase b. Glanville J, Dooley G, Wisniewski S, Foxlee R, Noel-Storr A. Development of a search filter to identify reports of controlled clinical trials within CINAHL Plus. Health Info Libr J. 2019;36(1):73-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12251. |
||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | DE "Social Prescribing" | 111 |
| 2. | TI (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 4036 |
| 3. | AB (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 16 558 |
| 4. | SU (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 848 |
| 5. | OR 1–5/ | 19 037 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trialsb | ||
| 6. | TI (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or AB (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or SU (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) | 990 660 |
| Final result | ||
| 7. | 5 AND 6 | 177 |
Academic Search Premiere via EBSCO 15 September 2025
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); MH = Exact subject heading, indexed keywords; TX = All text; PT = Publication type; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase c. Glanville J, Dooley G, Wisniewski S, Foxlee R, Noel-Storr A. Development of a search filter to identify reports of controlled clinical trials within CINAHL Plus. Health Info Libr J. 2019;36(1):73-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12251. |
||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | DE "Social Prescribing" | 188 |
| 2. | TI (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 4036 |
| 3. | AB (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 16 558 |
| 4. | SU (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 848 |
| 5. | OR 1–5/ | 19 037 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trialsc | ||
| 6. | TI (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or AB (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or SU (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) | 990 660 |
| Final result | ||
| 7. | 5 AND 6 | 376 |
CINAHL SocINDEX via EBSCO 15 September 2025
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); MH = Exact subject heading, indexed keywords; TX = All text; PT = Publication type; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase d. Glanville J, Dooley G, Wisniewski S, Foxlee R, Noel-Storr A. Development of a search filter to identify reports of controlled clinical trials within CINAHL Plus. Health Info Libr J. 2019;36(1):73-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12251. |
||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | TI (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 1517 |
| 2. | AB (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 3341 |
| 3. | SU (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 20 |
| 4. | OR 1–3/ | 4354 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trialsd | ||
| 5. | TI (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or AB (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or SU (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) | 329 954 |
| Final result | ||
| 6. | 4 AND 5 | 340 |
ERIC via EBSCO 15 September 2025
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); MH = Exact subject heading, indexed keywords; TX = All text; PT = Publication type; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase e. Glanville J, Dooley G, Wisniewski S, Foxlee R, Noel-Storr A. Development of a search filter to identify reports of controlled clinical trials within CINAHL Plus. Health Info Libr J. 2019;36(1):73-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12251. |
||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | TI (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 91 |
| 2. | AB (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 16 558 |
| 3. | SU (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 848 |
| 4. | OR 1–5/ | 19 037 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trialse | ||
| 5. | TI (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or AB (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or SU (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) | 990 660 |
| Final result | ||
| 6. | 4 AND 5 | 6 |
Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection via EBSCO 15 September 2025
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); MH = Exact subject heading, indexed keywords; TX = All text; PT = Publication type; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase f. Glanville J, Dooley G, Wisniewski S, Foxlee R, Noel-Storr A. Development of a search filter to identify reports of controlled clinical trials within CINAHL Plus. Health Info Libr J. 2019;36(1):73-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12251. |
||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | TI (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 4036 |
| 2. | AB (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 16 558 |
| 3. | SU (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 848 |
| 4. | OR 1–5/ | 19 037 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trialsf | ||
| 5. | TI (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or AB (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or SU (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) | 990 660 |
| Final result | ||
| 6. | 5 AND 6 | 39 |
SocINDEX via EBSCO 15 September 2025
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); MH = Exact subject heading, indexed keywords; TX = All text; PT = Publication type; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase g. Glanville J, Dooley G, Wisniewski S, Foxlee R, Noel-Storr A. Development of a search filter to identify reports of controlled clinical trials within CINAHL Plus. Health Info Libr J. 2019;36(1):73-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12251. |
||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | DE "Social Prescribing" | 20 |
| 2. | TI (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 225 |
| 3. | AB (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 1042 |
| 4. | SU (("community prescri*" or "community referral*" or "link* scheme*" or "link worker*" or "social prescri*" or "social referral*") or ((Community) W2 (navigation or navigator or connector)) or (“book* on referral*” or ”book* on prescription*” or ”prescribing book*”) or ((nature OR gardening) W3 (prescription* or referral*)) or ((prescrib*) W3 (nature or gardening)) or (”eco therap*” or ecotherap*) or (”green gym*” or (green W3 prescription*)) or ("time bank*") or ((signpost* or information) W3 (prescription* or referrall*)) or (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” or “art* on prescription*” or “prescribing art*”) or (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) or (“educat* on referral*” or “educat* on prescription*” or “prescribing educat*”) or (“exercis* on referral*” or “exercis* on prescription*” or “prescribing exercis*”) or (“museum* for health” or “museum* on referral*” or “museum* on prescription*” or “prescribing museum*”) or (“culture for health” or “culture on referral*” or “culture on prescription*” or “prescribing culture”) or (“heritage for health” or “heritage on referral*” or “heritage on prescription*” or “prescribing heritage”) or (“drama for health” or “drama on referral*” or “drama on prescription*” or “prescribing drama”) or (“music for health” or “music on referral*” or “music on prescription*” or “prescribing music”) or (“singing for health” or “singing on referral*” or “singing on prescription*” or “prescribing singing”) or (“craft* for health” or “craft* on referral*” or “craft* on prescription*” or “prescribing craft*”)) | 42 |
| 5. | OR 1–5/ | 1167 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trialsg | ||
| 6. | TI (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or AB (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) or SU (((systematic or mixed method* or qualitative or realist or integrative or evidence or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic or scoping or mapping) W4 review) or meta analy* or metaanaly* or meta synthe* or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) | 25 962 |
| Final result | ||
| 7. | 5 AND 6 | 29 |
Social Service Abstract/Sociological Abstracts via Proquest 15 September 2025
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Subjects; N/n = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase | ||
| Search terms | Items found | |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention: Social prescription | ||
| 1. | TI (( "community prescri*" OR "community referral*" OR "link* scheme*" OR "link worker*" OR "social prescri*" OR "social referral*") OR ( (Community) P/2 (navigation OR navigator OR connector)) OR (“book* on referral*” OR ”book* on prescription*” OR ”prescribing book*”) OR ((nature OR gardening) P/3 (prescription* OR referral*)) OR ((prescrib*) P/3 (nature OR gardening)) OR (”eco therap*” OR ecotherap*) OR (”green gym*” OR (green W3 prescription*)) OR ("time bank*") OR ((signpost* OR information) P/3 (prescription* OR referrall*)) OR (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” OR “art* on prescription*” OR “prescribing art*”) OR (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) OR (“educat* on referral*” OR “educat* on prescription*” OR “prescribing educat*”) OR (“exercis* on referral*” OR “exercis* on prescription*” OR “prescribing exercis*”) OR (“museum* for health” OR “museum* on referral*” OR “museum* on prescription*” OR “prescribing museum*”) OR (“culture for health” OR “culture on referral*” OR “culture on prescription*” OR “prescribing culture”) OR (“heritage for health” OR “heritage on referral*” OR “heritage on prescription*” OR “prescribing heritage”) OR (“drama for health” OR “drama on referral*” OR “drama on prescription*” OR “prescribing drama”) OR (“music for health” OR “music on referral*” OR “music on prescription*” OR “prescribing music”) OR (“singing for health” OR “singing on referral*” OR “singing on prescription*” OR “prescribing singing”) OR (“craft* for health” OR “craft* on referral*” OR “craft* on prescription*” OR “prescribing craft*”)) | 166 |
| 2. | AB (("community prescri*" OR "community referral*" OR "link* scheme*" OR "link worker*" OR "social prescri*" OR "social referral*") OR ((Community) P/2 (navigation OR navigator OR connector)) OR (“book* on referral*” OR ”book* on prescription*” OR ”prescribing book*”) OR ((nature OR gardening) P/3 (prescription* OR referral*)) OR ((prescrib*) P/3 (nature OR gardening)) OR (”eco therap*” OR ecotherap*) OR (”green gym*” OR (green W3 prescription*)) OR ("time bank*") OR ((signpost* OR information) P/3 (prescription* OR referrall*)) OR (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” OR “art* on prescription*” OR “prescribing art*”) OR (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) OR (“educat* on referral*” OR “educat* on prescription*” OR “prescribing educat*”) OR (“exercis* on referral*” OR “exercis* on prescription*” OR “prescribing exercis*”) OR (“museum* for health” OR “museum* on referral*” OR “museum* on prescription*” OR “prescribing museum*”) OR (“culture for health” OR “culture on referral*” OR “culture on prescription*” OR “prescribing culture”) OR (“heritage for health” OR “heritage on referral*” OR “heritage on prescription*” OR “prescribing heritage”) OR (“drama for health” OR “drama on referral*” OR “drama on prescription*” OR “prescribing drama”) OR (“music for health” OR “music on referral*” OR “music on prescription*” OR “prescribing music”) OR (“singing for health” OR “singing on referral*” OR “singing on prescription*” OR “prescribing singing”) OR (“craft* for health” OR “craft* on referral*” OR “craft* on prescription*” OR “prescribing craft*”)) | 371 |
| 3. | SU (("community prescri*" OR "community referral*" OR "link* scheme*" OR "link worker*" OR "social prescri*" OR "social referral*") OR ((Community) P/2 (navigation OR navigator OR connector)) OR (“book* on referral*” OR ”book* on prescription*” OR ”prescribing book*”) OR ((nature OR gardening) P/3 (prescription* OR referral*)) OR ((prescrib*) P/3 (nature OR gardening)) OR (”eco therap*” OR ecotherap*) OR (”green gym*” OR (green W3 prescription*)) OR ("time bank*") OR ((signpost* OR information) P/3 (prescription* OR referrall*)) OR (“art* for health” or “art* on referral*” OR “art* on prescription*” OR “prescribing art*”) OR (“danc* for health” or “danc* on referral*” or “danc* on prescription*” or “prescribing danc*”) OR (“educat* on referral*” OR “educat* on prescription*” OR “prescribing educat*”) OR (“exercis* on referral*” OR “exercis* on prescription*” OR “prescribing exercis*”) OR (“museum* for health” OR “museum* on referral*” OR “museum* on prescription*” OR “prescribing museum*”) OR (“culture for health” OR “culture on referral*” OR “culture on prescription*” OR “prescribing culture”) OR (“heritage for health” OR “heritage on referral*” OR “heritage on prescription*” OR “prescribing heritage”) OR (“drama for health” OR “drama on referral*” OR “drama on prescription*” OR “prescribing drama”) OR (“music for health” OR “music on referral*” OR “music on prescription*” OR “prescribing music”) OR (“singing for health” OR “singing on referral*” OR “singing on prescription*” OR “prescribing singing”) OR (“craft* for health” OR “craft* on referral*” OR “craft* on prescription*” OR “prescribing craft*”)) | 58 |
| 4. | OR 1–3/ | 397 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trials | ||
| 5. | SU (((systematic or "mixed method*" or qualitative or realist or scoping or mapping or evidence or integrative or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic) N/4 review) or "meta analy*" or metaanaly* or "meta synthe*" or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) OR TI (((systematic or "mixed method*" or qualitative or realist or scoping or mapping or evidence or integrative or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic) N/4 review) or "meta analy*" or metaanaly* or "meta synthe*" or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) OR AB (((systematic or "mixed method*" or qualitative or realist or scoping or mapping or evidence or integrative or critical or umbrella or rapid or narrative or thematic) N/4 review) or "meta analy*" or metaanaly* or "meta synthe*" or metasynthe* or meta narrative or meta aggreg* or meta ethnograph*) | 28 100 |
| Final result | ||
| 17. | 4 AND 5 | 42 |
Bilaga 2 Flödesschema för urval av artiklar
Bilaga 3 Exkluderade artiklar
| Excluded articles | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Systematic reviews | |
| Adewuyi FA, Knobel P, Gogna P, Dadvand P. Health effects of green prescription: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Environ Res. 2023;236(Pt 2):116844. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.116844 | Wrong intervention |
| Alayli A, Husk K, Berry V, De Bock F. A framework to conceptualize social prescribing services from a prevention perspective. Prev Med. 2024;189:108164. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108164 | Wrong population |
| Albertson EM, Chuang E, O'Masta B, Miake-Lye I, Haley LA, Pourat N. Systematic Review of Care Coordination Interventions Linking Health and Social Services for High-Utilizing Patient Populations. Popul Health Manag. 2022;25(1):73-85. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/pop.2021.0057 | Wrong intervention |
| Alexander GK, Brooks V. Nature-based therapeutics: A collaborative research agenda promoting equitable access and environmental stewardship. Collegian. 2022;29(1):119-24. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2021.03.001 | Not a systematic review |
| Baker K, Chioran B, Marks E. "Eco-caring together" pro-ecological group-based community interventions and mental wellbeing: a systematic scoping review. Front Psychol. 2024;15:1288791. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1288791 | Wrong intervention |
| Bertotti M, Farina I, Marques MJ, Alves R, Dias S, Paternoster S, et al. Social prescribing for Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) young people: A realist evaluation of the C.O.P.E. project in Italy and Portugal. SSM - Mental Health. 2025;7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100440 | Not a systematic review |
| Bettmann JE, Speelman E, Blumenthal E, Couch S, Schmalz DL. Nature Exposure, Even as Little as 10 Minutes, is Likely to Yield Short-Term Benefits for Adults with Mental Illness: A Meta Analysis. Ecopsychology. 2024;16(3):174-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/eco.2023.0063 | Wrong intervention |
| Bharmal A, Junghans-Minton C. How personalised are personalised care roles? Comparing effectiveness of the personalised care roles against the Universal Personalised Care Model. Br J Gen Pract. 2025;75(suppl 1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp25X742401 | Not a systematic review |
| Bhaskar L-T, Mulvale G, Underdown V, Des Jardins M, Tierney S. Exploring Ambiguity in Social Prescribing: Creating a Typology of Models Based on a Scoping Review of Core Components and Conceptual Elements in Existing Programs. Health Soc Care Community. 2025;2025(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/hsc/9390387 | Wrong intervention |
| Bickerdike L, Booth A, Wilson PM, Farley K, Wright K. Social prescribing: less rhetoric and more reality. A systematic review of the evidence. BMJ Open. 2017;7(4):e013384. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013384 | Wrong intervention |
| Blodgett JM, Birch JM, Musella M, Harkness F, Kaushal A. What Works to Improve Wellbeing? A Rapid Systematic Review of 223 Interventions Evaluated with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scales. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(23). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315845 | Wrong intervention |
| Buckley A, Brownlie K, Hill K, Hallamore R-R, Vijan N, Perry M. Health professionals’ inclusion of green space in the management of long term conditions: a scoping review. Phys Ther Rev. 2020;25(5-6):399-410. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10833196.2020.1832715 | Wrong intervention |
| Bungay H, Jensen A, Holt N. Critical perspectives on Arts on Prescription. Perspect Public Health. 2024;144(6):363-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139231170776 | Wrong intervention |
| Calderon-Larranaga S, Greenhalgh T, Finer S, Clinch M. What does the literature mean by social prescribing? A critical review using discourse analysis. Sociol Health Illn. 2022;44(4-5):848-68. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13468 | Duplicate dataset |
| Colford LR, Feicht R, Gallant K, Landy R. Community-Based and Participatory Approaches in Social Prescribing: A Scoping Review. Int J Community Wellbeing. 2025;8(3):901-29. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42413-025-00262-3 | Wrong intervention |
| Conn DK, Billard T, Dupuis-Blanchard S, Freedman AK, Hoang PM, Levasseur M, et al. Canadian Clinical Guidelines on Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults. Can Geriatr J. 2024;27(4):531-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5770/cgj.27.772 | Not a systematic review |
| Cooper M, Avery L, Scott J, Ashley K, Jordan C, Errington L, Flynn D. Effectiveness and active ingredients of social prescribing interventions targeting mental health: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(7):e060214. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060214 | Wrong intervention |
| Cooper M, Flynn D, Avery L, Ashley K, Jordan C, Errington L, Scott J. Service user perspectives on social prescribing services for mental health in the UK: a systematic review. Perspect Public Health. 2023;143(3):135-44. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139231170786 | Wrong intervention |
| Costa A, Sousa CJ, Seabra PRC, Virgolino A, Santos O, Lopes J, et al. Effectiveness of Social Prescribing Programs in the Primary Health-Care Context: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability. 2021;13(5). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052731 | Wrong intervention |
| Cunningham KB, Rogowsky RH, Carstairs SA, Sullivan F, Ozakinci G. Methods of connecting primary care patients with community-based physical activity opportunities: A realist scoping review. Health Soc Care Community. 2021;29(4):1169-99. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13186 | Wrong outcome |
| Cunningham KB, Rogowsky RH, Carstairs SA, Sullivan F, Ozakinci G. Progressing social prescribing with a focus on process of connection: Evidence-informed guidance for robust evaluation and evidence synthesis. Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2023;5:100380. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2023.100380 | Not a systematic review |
| Dambha-Miller, H., Simpson, G., Hobson, L. et al. Integrated primary care and social services for older adults with multimorbidity in England: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 21, 674 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02618-8 | Wrong intervention |
| Dandicourt Thomas C, Bartasal Bagué A, Villalobos Guiza MN, Fariñas Gutiérrez LM. Social Prescribing and Community Health Assets for Health Promotion and People’s Well-Being. 2023;39(1) | Wrong language |
| Davies M, Elliott M, Wallace S, Wallace C. Enhancing Student Wellbeing Through Social Prescribing: A Rapid Realist Review. Public Health Rev. 2023;44:1605189. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2023.1605189 | Wrong intervention |
| Davison KM, Thakkar V, Lin SL, Stabler L, MacPhee M, Carroll S, et al. Interventions to Support Mental Health among Those with Health Conditions That Present Risk for Severe Infection from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Scoping Review of English and Chinese-Language Literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(14). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147265 | Wrong outcome |
| Drinkwater C, Wildman J, Moffatt S. Social prescribing. BMJ. 2019;364:l1285. Available from: https https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l1285 | Not a systematic review |
| Ebrahimoghli R, Pezeshki MZ, Farajzadeh P, Arab-Zozani M, Mehrtak M, Alizadeh M. Factors influencing social prescribing initiatives: a systematic review of qualitative evidence. Perspect Public Health. 2025;145(3):157-66. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139231184809 | Wrong intervention |
| Edwards-Smith A, Ajiboye A, Pywell S, Kenyon A, Routh F, Williams J, et al. Adult Mental Health, Major Conditions and Social Prescribing: A Rapid Review. Health Soc Care Community. 2025;2025(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/hsc/2917260 | Wrong intervention |
| Elhag S, Niechcial MA, Potter L, Gow AJ. Exploring the impact of community-based interventions on healthy older adults' physical health, psychological wellbeing, and social connections: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev. 2025;111:102784. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2025.102784 | Wrong intervention |
| Elliott M, Davies M, Davies J, Wallace C. Exploring how and why social prescribing evaluations work: a realist review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(4):e057009. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057009 | Wrong intervention |
| Evers S, Husk K, Napierala H, Wendt L, Gerhardus A. Theories used to develop or evaluate social prescribing in studies: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2024;24(1):140. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-024-10563-6 | Wrong intervention |
| Featherstone C, Sharpe RA, Axford N, Asthana S, Husk K. Health and wellbeing outcomes and social prescribing pathways in community-based support for autistic adults: A systematic mapping review of reviews. Health Soc Care Community. 2022;30(3):e621-e35. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13635 | Wrong intervention |
| Golby R, Lobban F, Laverty L, Velemis K, Aggarwal VR, Berry K, et al. Understanding How, Why and for Whom Link Work Interventions Promote Access in Community Healthcare Settings in the United Kingdom: A Realist Review. Health Expect. 2024;27(6):e70090. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.70090 | Wrong intervention |
| Gordon K, Gordon L, Basu AP. Social prescribing for children and young people with neurodisability and their families initiated in a hospital setting: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2023;13(12):e078097. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078097 | Wrong outcome |
| Grgurevic N, Chouinard MC, Ellefsen E, Hudon E, Hudon C. Primary Healthcare Providers' Activities in Linking Patients With Chronic Diseases to Community Organizations: A Scoping Review. J Prim Care Community Health. 2024;15:21501319241257374. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319241257374 | Wrong outcome |
| Hamilton-West K, Milne A, Hotham S. New horizons in supporting older people's health and wellbeing: is social prescribing a way forward? Age Ageing. 2020;49(3):319-26. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa016 | Not a systematic review |
| Hammerich AS, Anemaet WK. Applying the Evidence for Exercise Prescription in Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis. Current Geriatrics Reports. 2016;5(3):179-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13670-016-0178-5 | Not a systematic review |
| Handayani NH, Wanat M, Tierney S. A Thematic Synthesis of the Experiences of Social Prescribing Among Patients in the UK. 2024;12. | Not a published version |
| Handayani NH, Wanat M, Tierney S. Experiences of social prescribing in the UK: a qualitative systematic review. Br J Gen Pract. 2025;75(752):e203-e10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGP.2025.0179 | Wrong intervention |
| Hazeldine E, Westwood S, Hassannezhad M, Tierney S, Gavens L, Husk K. Routes to social prescribing outside National Health Service (NHS) structures: a systematic map. BMJ Public Health. 2025;3(1):e000941. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2024-000941 | Wrong intervention |
| Helitzer E, Clements-Cortes A, Moss H. Group singing on social prescription: A scoping review. Music Med. 2022;14(4):226-37. Available from: https://doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v14i4.849 | Wrong intervention |
| Herrmann W, Napierala H, Kanehl D, Krüger K, Holzinger F. The evidence of social prescribing – Challenges found in conducting a systematic review. 2021;31. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.440 | Not a systematic review |
| Hodgson S, Simpson G, Roderick P, Everitt H, Little P, Santer M, Dambha-Miller H. Integrating primary care and social services for older adults with multimorbidity: policy implications. BJGP Open. 2021;5(4). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0035 | Not a systematic review |
| Howarth M, Brettle A, Hardman M, Maden M. What is the evidence for the impact of gardens and gardening on health and well-being: a scoping review and evidence-based logic model to guide healthcare strategy decision making on the use of gardening approaches as a social prescription. BMJ Open. 2020;10(7):e036923. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036923 | Wrong outcome |
| Hughes E, Harris J, Ainscough T, Bate A, Copello A, Dalkin S, et al. Care models for coexisting serious mental health and alcohol/drug conditions: the RECO realist evidence synthesis and case study evaluation. Health Technol Assess. 2024;28(67):1-100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3310/JTNT0476 | Wrong outcome |
| Husk K, Blockley K, Lovell R, Bethel A, Lang I, Byng R, Garside R. What approaches to social prescribing work, for whom, and in what circumstances? A realist review. Health Soc Care Community. 2020;28(2):309-24. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12839 | Wrong outcome |
| Islam MM. Social Prescribing-An Effort to Apply a Common Knowledge: Impelling Forces and Challenges. Front Public Health. 2020;8:515469. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.515469 | Wrong intervention |
| Itua I, Wetzlmair-Kephart L-C, Greaves PJ, Wallace C. The role of interprofessional collaboration for social prescribing: a systematic review. J Public Health (Berl). 2025. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-025-02417-0 | Wrong intervention |
| Ivers R, Astell-Burt T. Nature Rx: Nature prescribing in general practice. Aust J Gen Pract. 2023;52(4):183-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.31128/AJGP-01-23-6671 | Wrong intervention |
| Kilgarriff-Foster A, O'Cathain A. Exploring the components and impact of social prescribing. J Public Ment Health. 2015;14(3):127-34. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-06-2014-0027 | Wrong intervention |
| Kola S, Subramanian I. Updates in Parkinson's Disease Integrative Therapies: an Evidence-Based Review. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2023;23(11):717-26. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-023-01312-z | Wrong intervention |
| Kondo MC, Oyekanmi KO, Gibson A, South EC, Bocarro J, Hipp JA. Nature Prescriptions for Health: A Review of Evidence and Research Opportunities. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(12). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124213 | Wrong intervention |
| Leavell MA, Leiferman JA, Gascon M, Braddick F, Gonzalez JC, Litt JS. Nature-Based Social Prescribing in Urban Settings to Improve Social Connectedness and Mental Well-being: a Review. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2019;6(4):297-308. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-019-00251-7 | Wrong intervention |
| Lee C, Kuhn I, McGrath M, Remes O, Cowan A, Duncan F, et al. A systematic scoping review of community-based interventions for the prevention of mental ill-health and the promotion of mental health in older adults in the UK. Health Soc Care Community. 2022;30(1):27-57. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13413 | Wrong intervention |
| Leese CJ, Al‐Zubaidi H, Smith BH. Delivery of Interventions for Multiple Lifestyle Factors in Primary Healthcare Settings: A Narrative Review Addressing Strategies for Effective Implementation. Lifestyle Med (Hoboken). 2024;5(3). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.110 | Wrong intervention |
| Liebmann M, Pitman A, Hsueh YC, Bertotti M, Pearce E. Do people perceive benefits in the use of social prescribing to address loneliness and/or social isolation? A qualitative meta-synthesis of the literature. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022;22(1):1264. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08656-1 | Wrong intervention |
| Linceviciute S, Ambrosio L, Baldwin DS, Portillo MC, Chen QW. Role of Social Prescribing Link Workers in Supporting Adults with Physical and Mental Health Long-Term Conditions: Integrative Review. Health Soc Care Community. 2023;2023:1-19. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7191247 | Wrong intervention |
| Lindsey L, Hughes S, Rathbone AP. Social prescribing in community pharmacy: a systematic review and thematic synthesis. Pharm J. 2021;307(7951). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1211/pj.2021.1.92837 | Wrong intervention |
| Litt JS, Coll-Planas L, Sachs AL, Maso Aguado M, Howarth M. Current Trends and Future Directions in Urban Social Prescribing. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2023;10(4):383-93. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-023-00419-2 | Not a systematic review |
| Mann F, Bone JK, Lloyd-Evans B, Frerichs J, Pinfold V, Ma R, et al. A life less lonely: the state of the art in interventions to reduce loneliness in people with mental health problems. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2017;52(6):627-38. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-017-1392-y | Not a systematic review |
| Melam C, Dyson J, Thomson K, Mulligan K. The Role of Social Prescribing Interventions in Addressing Health Inequalities in the United Kingdom: A Narrative Review. Health Soc Care Community. 2025;2025(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/hsc/6613809 | Wrong intervention |
| Menhas R, Yang L, Saqib ZA, Younas M, Saeed MM. Does nature-based social prescription improve mental health outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1228271. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1228271 | Wrong outcome |
| Merlo G, Pereira-Sanchez V, Lee W, Wong W, Morales MJ. Connectedness as a Mental Health Pillar: To Self, Others, and the World. Psychiatric Annals. 2025;55(7). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20250613-03 | Not a systematic review |
| Mosteiro Miguens DG, Rodriguez Fernandez A, Zapata Cachafeiro M, Vieito Perez N, Represas Carrera FJ, Novio Mallon S. Community Activities in Primary Care: A Literature Review. J Prim Care Community Health. 2024;15:21501319231223362. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319231223362 | Wrong intervention |
| Mottershead R, Al-Fayyadh S, Al-Yateem N, Subu MA, Bani-Issa W, Taha MH, et al. A scoping review of health models for the community mental health needs of the United Arab Emirates: Nurturing the social determinants of mental health through social prescribing in the Middle East. F1000Res. 2024;13:841. Available from: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.153262.3 | Wrong intervention |
| Moula Z, Palmer K, Walshe N. A Systematic Review of Arts-Based Interventions Delivered to Children and Young People in Nature or Outdoor Spaces: Impact on Nature Connectedness, Health and Wellbeing. Front Psychol. 2022;13:858781. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.858781 | Wrong outcome |
| Nabiolahi A, Sedghi S, Aghili R, Nemati-Anaraki L. Health Information Prescription System For Non Communicable Diseases: A Systematic Review And Thematic Analysis. Russian Open Medical Journal. 2020;9(4). Available from: https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2020.0406 | Wrong intervention |
| Nakagomi A, Yasufuku Y, Ueno T, Kondo K. Social determinants of hypertension in high-income countries: A narrative literature review and future directions. Hypertens Res. 2022;45(10):1575-81. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-022-00972-7 | Wrong outcome |
| Newstead S, Elliott M, Cavanagh D, Tetlow S, Wallace C. Speaking the same language - a scoping review to identify the terminology associated with social prescribing. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2023;24:e67. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423623000567 | Wrong outcome |
| Newstead S, Jesurasa A, Jenkins B, Lavans A, Woodall A, Wallace C. Speaking the Same Language - The Development of a Glossary of Terms for Social Prescribing in Wales. Int J Integr Care. 2024;24(3):3. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.8591 | Wrong outcome |
| Nichol B, Wilson R, Rodrigues A, Haighton C. Exploring the Effects of Volunteering on the Social, Mental, and Physical Health and Well-being of Volunteers: An Umbrella Review. Voluntas. 2023:1-32. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-023-00573-z | Wrong intervention |
| Norwood MF, Lakhani A, Fullagar S, Maujean A, Downes M, Byrne J, et al. A narrative and systematic review of the behavioural, cognitive and emotional effects of passive nature exposure on young people: Evidence for prescribing change. Landsc Urban Plan. 2019;189:71-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.04.007 | Wrong intervention |
| O'Sullivan DJ, Bearne LM, Harrington JM, Cardoso JR, McVeigh JG. The effectiveness of social prescribing in the management of long-term conditions in community-based adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil. 2024;38(10):1306-20. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/02692155241258903 | Wrong intervention |
| O’Grady M, Connolly D, Barrett E. 137 The role of link workers in ‘bridging the gap’ to community-based physical activity. Eur J Public Health. 2024;34(Supplement_2). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckae114.027 | Not a systematic review |
| Oster C, Skelton C, Leibbrandt R, Hines S, Bonevski B. Models of social prescribing to address non-medical needs in adults: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023;23(1):642. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09650-x | Wrong intervention |
| Papavasiliou E, Marshall J, Allan L, Bradbury K, Fox C, Hawkes M, et al. Reimagining Dementia Care: A Complex Intervention Systematic Review on Optimising Social Prescribing (SP) for People Living With Dementia (PLWD) in the United Kingdom. Health Expect. 2025;28(3):e70289. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.70289 | Wrong intervention |
| Paquet S, Struthers NA, Gunz A, Gittings L. Barriers and facilitators to implementing nature prescriptions for child and youth health: a scoping review. Health Promot Int. 2025;40(2). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daaf039 | Wrong intervention |
| Percival A, Newton C, Mulligan K, Petrella RJ, Ashe MC. Systematic review of social prescribing and older adults: where to from here? Fam Med Community Health. 2022;10(Suppl 1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2022-001829 | Wrong intervention |
| Pescheny JV, Pappas Y, Randhawa G. Facilitators and barriers of implementing and delivering social prescribing services: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):86. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-2893-4 | Wrong intervention |
| Pilkington G, Johnson MI, Thompson K. Social prescribing for adults with chronic pain in the U.K.: a rapid review. Br J Pain. 2025:20494637241312064. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637241312064 | Wrong intervention |
| Rasmussen LG, Nielsen RO, Hawkins J, Kallestrup P, Midtgaard J, Ryom K. Social prescribing initiatives connecting general practice patients with community-based physical activity: A scoping review with expert interviews. Scand J Public Health. 2024:14034948241299878. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948241299878 | Wrong outcome |
| Reinhardt GY, Vidovic D, Hammerton C. Understanding loneliness: a systematic review of the impact of social prescribing initiatives on loneliness. Perspect Public Health. 2021;141(4):204-13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913920967040 | Wrong intervention |
| Robinson T, Robertson N, Curtis F, Darko N, Jones CR. Examining Psychosocial and Economic Barriers to Green Space Access for Racialised Individuals and Families: A Narrative Literature Review of the Evidence to Date. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;20(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010745 | Wrong intervention |
| Rochau U, Papon V, Stojkov I, Kuehne F, Arvandi M, Conrads-Frank A, et al. Systematic Literature Review of Decision‐Analytic Modeling Studies on Nature‐Based Social Prescribing and Loneliness. Health Soc Care Community. 2025;2025(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/hsc/6115206 | Wrong intervention |
| Rothe D, Heiss R. Link workers, activities and target groups in social prescribing: a literature review. J Integr Care (Brighton). 2022;30(5):1-11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1108/jica-09-2021-0047 | Wrong intervention |
| Saddiq I, Simmons P, Osuagwu UL. Social prescribing in rural settings: A mapping review of benefits, challenges, and implementation strategies for rural Australia. Soc Sci Humanit Open. 2025;11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101497 | Wrong intervention |
| Sandhu S, Lian T, Drake C, Moffatt S, Wildman J, Wildman J. Intervention components of link worker social prescribing programmes: A scoping review. Health Soc Care Community. 2022;30(6):e3761-e74. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.14056 | Wrong intervention |
| Sango PN, Pickard A. Building a Sense of Belonging in Dance with Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Adolescents. 2024;4(3):335-54. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/adolescents4030024 | Wrong intervention |
| Sellars P, Bennett A, Crone D, Mercer J, Clayton D. 252 Moving with nature: developing guidelines to promote physical activity in nature for those living with mental health problems. Eur J Public Health. 2024;34(Supplement_2). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckae114.276 | Not a systematic review |
| Smith TO, Jimoh OF, Cross J, Allan L, Corbett A, Sadler E, et al. Social Prescribing Programmes to Prevent or Delay Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Geriatrics (Basel). 2019;4(4). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics4040065 | Wrong outcome |
| Sonke J, Manhas N, Belden C, Morgan-Daniel J, Akram S, Marjani S, et al. Social prescribing outcomes: a mapping review of the evidence from 13 countries to identify key common outcomes. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023;10:1266429. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1266429 | Wrong intervention |
| Surugiu R, Iancu MA, Lăcătus AM, Dogaru CA, Stepan MD, Eremia IA, et al. Unveiling the Presence of Social Prescribing in Romania in the Context of Sustainable Healthcare—A Scoping Review. Sustainability. 2023;15(15). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511652 | Wrong intervention |
| Tanner LM, Wildman JM, Stoniute A, Still M, Bernard K, Green R, et al. Non-pharmaceutical primary care interventions to improve mental health in deprived populations: a systematic review. Br J Gen Pract. 2023;73(729):e242-e8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGP.2022.0343 | Wrong outcome |
| Tcymbal A, Abu-Omar K, Hartung V, Busskamp A, Comito C, Rossmann C, et al. Interventions simultaneously promoting social participation and physical activity in community living older adults: A systematic review. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1048496. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1048496 | Wrong intervention |
| Teggart K, Neil-Sztramko SE, Nadarajah A, Wang A, Moore C, Carter N, et al. Effectiveness of system navigation programs linking primary care with community-based health and social services: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023;23(1):450. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09424-5 | Wrong intervention |
| Thomas G, Lynch M, Spencer LH. A Systematic Review to Examine the Evidence in Developing Social Prescribing Interventions That Apply a Co-Productive, Co-Designed Approach to Improve Well-Being Outcomes in a Community Setting. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(8). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18083896 | Wrong outcome |
| Tierney S, Gorenberg J, Santillo M, Westlake D, Wong G, Husk K, et al. Digging for Literature on Tailoring Cultural Offers With and for Older People From Ethnic Minority Groups: A Scoping Review. Lifestyle Med (Hoboken). 2025;6(1):e70004. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.70004 | Wrong intervention |
| Tierney S, Libert S, Gorenberg J, Wong G, Turk A, Husk K, et al. Tailoring cultural offers to meet the needs of older people during uncertain times: a rapid realist review. BMC Med. 2022;20(1):260. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02464-4 | Wrong intervention |
| Tierney S, Mahtani KR, Wong G, Todd J, Roberts N, Akinyemi O, et al. The role of volunteering in supporting well-being - What might this mean for social prescribing? A best-fit framework synthesis of qualitative research. Health Soc Care Community. 2022;30(2):e325-e46. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13516 | Wrong intervention |
| Tierney S, Rowe R, Connally EL, Roberts NW, Mahtani KR, Gorenberg J. Community initiatives for well‐being in the United Kingdom and their role in developing social capital and addressing loneliness: A scoping review. Lifestyle Med (Hoboken). 2024;5(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.98 | Wrong intervention |
| Tierney S, Wong G, Roberts N, Boylan AM, Park S, Abrams R, et al. Supporting social prescribing in primary care by linking people to local assets: a realist review. BMC Med. 2020;18(1):49. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-1510-7 | Wrong intervention |
| Tierney S, Wong G, Westlake D, Turk A, Markham S, Gorenberg J, et al. Implementation of link workers in primary care: Synopsis of findings from a realist evaluation. Health Soc Care Deliv Res. 2025;13(27):1-30. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3310/KHGT9993 | Not a systematic review |
| Turk A, Tierney S, Hogan B, Mahtani KR, Pope C. A meta-ethnography of the factors that shape link workers' experiences of social prescribing. BMC Med. 2024;22(1):280. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03478-w | Wrong intervention |
| Vidovic D, Reinhardt GY, Hammerton C. Can Social Prescribing Foster Individual and Community Well-Being? A Systematic Review of the Evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105276 | Wrong intervention |
| Wood C, Wicks C, Barton J. Green spaces for mental disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2023;36(1):41-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000830 | Not a systematic review |
| Zhang CX, Wurie F, Browne A, Haworth S, Burns R, Aldridge R, et al. Social prescribing for migrants in the United Kingdom: A systematic review and call for evidence. J Migr Health. 2021;4:100067. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmh.2021.100067 | Wrong outcome |
| Zhao T, Tang C, Ma J, Halili X, Yan H, Wang H. Interventions for subjective and objective social isolation among people living with HIV: A scoping review. Soc Sci Med. 2025;367:117604. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117604 | Wrong intervention |
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