Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in compulsory care for patients with substance use disorder

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is a form of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) that emphasizes mindfulness and acceptance of difficult feelings. This form of therapy is sometimes used in the treatment of patients with severe substance addiction.

Reading time approx. 18 minutes Published: March 23, 2023 Publication type:

SBU Enquiry Service

Consists of structured literature searches to highlight studies that can address questions received by the SBU Enquiry Service from Swedish healthcare or social service providers. We assess the risk of bias in systematic reviews and when needed also quality and transferability of results in health economic studies. Relevant references are compiled by an SBU staff member, in consultation with an external expert when needed.

Question

What scientific studies have been published regarding the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy for patients in compulsory care for substance use disorder?

Method

A systematic literature search was performed using the following databases: MedLine, Scopus, PsycInfo, SocIndex and Criminal Justice Abstracts.
Two authors independently assessed the abstracts of all identified studies.

Identified literature

No relevant studies were identified.

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Published: March 23, 2023 Report no: ut202307 Registration no: SBU 2022/556

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Literature Search

Search Strategy A

Medline via OvidSP 3 Feb 2023

Title: ACT in involuntary residential substance abuse care
/ = Term from the MeSH controlled vocabulary; .sh = Term from the MeSH controlled vocabulary; exp = Term from MeSH including terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; .ti,ab = Title or abstract; .tw = Title or abstract; .kf = Keywords;.kw = Keywords, exact; .bt = Book title. NLM Bookshelf.; .pt = Publication type; .ja = Journal abbreviation; .af = All fields; adjn = Adjacent. Proximity operator retrieving adjacent words, adj3 retrieves records with search terms within two terms from each other.; * or $ = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Search terms		Items found
Intervention:
1.	"Acceptance and Commitment Therapy"/ or (acceptance adj3 commitment).ab,bt,kf,ti.	1 800
Setting:
2.	Custodial Care/	190
3.	Involuntary Treatment/	121
4.	Residential Treatment/	3 307
5.	Involuntary Commitment/	72
6.	Coercion/	5 021
7.	exp Correctional Facilities/	11 337
8.	(involuntary or non voluntary or detention or detain* or correctional or forensic or prison* or incarce* or custod* or coerc* or restraint or institutionali*).ab,kf,ti,bt.	156 526
9.	((forced or forcibl* or compulsory or mandatory or mandated or institutional or residential or locked) adj4 (care or treat* or setting* or hospitali* or psychiatr* or unit* or ward* or admission or admit* or commit*)).ab,kf,ti,bt.	33 848
10.	or/2-9	195 462
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
11.	((Systematic Review/ or Meta-Analysis/ or Cochrane Database Syst Rev.ja. or ((systematic adj4 review) or "meta analys" or metaanalys).ti,bt,ab.) not (editorial/ or letter/ or case reports/))
Combined sets:
12.	1 and 11 [Intervention (ACT) and Study type (Systematic review)]	182
13.	1 and 10 [Intervention (ACT) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)]	37
Final result
14.	12 OR 13	519

Scopus via scopus.com 7 Feb 2023

Title: ACT in involuntary residential substance abuse care
TITLE-ABS-KEY = Title, abstract or keywords (including indexed keywords and author keywords); ALL = All fields; W/n = Within. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other.; PRE/n = Precedes by. Proximity operator, the first term in the search must precede the second by n words.; LIMIT-TO (X) = Includes only results of specified type, e.g., publication type or time range.; DOCTYPE = Publication type; “re” = review; “le” = letter; “ed” = editorial;“ch” = book chapter; “cp” = conference proceedings; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Search terms
		3 849
Setting:
2.	TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) W/3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR psychiatry* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* ) )	75 214
3.	TITLE-ABS-KEY ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR prison* OR incarce* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR restraint)	544 189
4.	2 OR 3	612 313
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
5.	TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( systematic; W/2 review ) OR "meta analy" OR metaanaly ) AND (EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “le”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “ed”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “ch”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “cp”))
Combined sets:
6.	1 AND 5 [Intervention(ACT) and Study type (Systematic review)]	437
7.	1 AND 4 [Intervention (ACT) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)]	99
Final result
8.	6 OR 7	536

PSYCINFO via EBSCO 7 Feb 2023

Title: ACT in involuntary residential substance abuse care
TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); DE = Exact keyword; TX = All text; MR = Methodology; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Search terms		Items found
Intervention:
1.	DE "Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" OR TI (acceptance N2 commitment) OR SU (acceptance N2 commitment) OR AB (acceptance N2 commitment)	3 431
Setting:
2.	(DE "Involuntary Treatment") OR (DE "Residential Care Institutions") OR (DE "Correctional Institutions")	16 127
3.	TI ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR TI ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain* ) ) OR SU ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain) ) OR AB ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*))	160 577
4.	2 OR 3	160 577
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis / randomized controlled trials
5.	TI((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR AB((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR SU((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR (MR "Systematic Review" OR MR "meta analysis")
Combined sets:
6.	1 AND 5 [Intervention(ACT) and Study type (Systematic review)]	205
7.	1 AND 4 [Intervention (ACT) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)]	79
Final result
8.	6 OR 7	284

SOCIndex via EBSCO 7 Feb 2023

Title: ACT in involuntary residential substance abuse care
TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Search terms		Items found
Intervention:
1.	TI (acceptance N2 commitment) OR SU (acceptance N2 commitment) OR AB (acceptance N2 commitment)	223
Setting:
2.	TI ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR TI ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain* ) ) OR SU ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain) ) OR AB ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*))	130 434
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
3.	TI ((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR AB((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR SU((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys)
Combined sets:
4.	1 AND 3 [Intervention(ACT) and Study type (Systematic review)]	12
5.	1 AND 2 [Intervention (ACT) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)]	8
Final result
6.	4 OR 5	20

Criminal Justice Abstracts via EBSCO 7 Feb 2023

Title: ACT in involuntary residential substance abuse care
TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Subjects.; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Search terms		Items found
Intervention:
1.	TI (acceptance N2 commitment) OR SU (acceptance N2 commitment) OR AB (acceptance N2 commitment)	96
Setting:
2.	TI ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr; ) ) ) OR TI ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain* ) ) OR SU ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain) ) OR AB ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*))	98 574
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
3.	TI((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR AB((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR SU((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys)
Combined sets:
4.	1 AND 3 [Intervention(ACT) and Study type (Systematic review)]	7
5.	1 AND 2 [Intervention (ACT) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)]	7
Final
6.	4 OR 5	14

Search Strategy B

Medline via OvidSP 26 January 2023

Title: Involuntary substance abuse treatment
/ = Term from the MeSH controlled vocabulary; .sh = Term from the MeSH controlled vocabulary; exp= Term from MeSH including terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; .ti,ab = Title or abstract; .tw = Title or abstract; .kf = Keywords; .kw = Keywords, exact; .bt = Book title. NLM Bookshelf.; .pt = Publication type; .ja = Journal abbreviation; .af = All fields; adjn = Adjacent. Proximity operator retrieving adjacent words, adj3 retrieves records with search terms within two terms from each other.; * or $ = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Search terms		Items found
Population: Substance abuse
1.	exp Substance-Related Disorders/	306 741
2.	Alcoholics/	871
3.	Drug Users/	3 935
4.	exp Illicit Drugs/	13 916
5.	exp Synthetic Drugs/	1 974
6.	Hallucinogens/	7 290
7.	((alcohol or amphetamin* or cannabis or cocaine or crack or hallucinogen* or heroin or inhalant* or marijuana or narcotic* or phencyclidine* or psychedelic* or substance* or illicit drug) adj4 (abuse or addict or dependen* or disorder* or misuse or “use”)).ab,bt,kf,ti.	200 647
8.	((drug or opiate* or opioid) adj4 (abuse or addict or dependen* or disorder* or misuse)).ab,bt,kf,ti.	76 911
9.	or/1-8 Population Missbruk	443 766
Setting: Involuntary treatment
10.	Custodial Care/
11.	Involuntary Treatment/		121
12.	Residential Treatment/		3 308
13.	Involuntary Commitment/		72
14.	Coercion/		5 020
15.	exp Correctional Facilities/		11 327
16.	(involuntary or non voluntary or detention or detain* or correctional or forensic or prison* or incarce* or custod* or coerc* or restraint or institutionali*).ab,kf,ti,bt.		156 202
17.	(((forced or forcibl* or compulsory or mandatory or mandated or institutional or residential or locked) adj4 (care or treat* or setting* or hospitali* or psychiatr* or unit* or ward* or admission or admit* or commit*)).ab,kf,ti,bt.		33 723
18.	or/10-17 Setting		195 018
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
19.	((Systematic Review/ or Meta-Analysis/ or Cochrane Database Syst Rev.ja. or ((systematic adj4 review) or "meta analys" or metaanalys).ti,bt,ab.) not (editorial/ or letter/ or case reports/))
Combined sets:
20.	9 and 18 and 19	354
Final result
21.	20	354

Scopus via scopus.com 26 January 2023

Title: Involuntary substance abuse treatment
Search terms		Items found
TITLE-ABS-KEY = Title, abstract or keywords (including indexed keywords and author keywords); ALL = All fields; W/n = Within. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other. PRE/n = Precedes by. Proximity operator, the first term in the search must precede the second by n words.; LIMIT-TO (X) = Includes only results of specified type, e.g., publication type or time range.; DOCTYPE = Publication type; “re” = review; “le” = letter; “ed” = editorial; “ch” = book chapter; “cp” = conference proceedings; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Population: Substance abuse
1.	TITLE-ABS-KEY ( alcoholi* OR ( ( alcohol OR amphetamin* OR cannabis OR cocaine OR crack OR hallucinogen* OR heroin OR inhalant* OR marijuana OR narcotic* OR phencyclidine* OR psychedelic* OR substance* OR “illicit drug”) W/3 ( abuse OR addict OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse OR use ) ) OR ( ( drug* OR opiate* OR opioid* ) W/3 ( abuse OR addict* OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse ) ) )	594 026
Setting: Involuntary treatment
2.	TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) W/3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR psychiatry* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* ) )	75 059
3.	TITLE-ABS-KEY ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR prison* OR incarce* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR restraint)	543 161
4.	2 OR 3	611 142
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
5.	TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( systematic W/2 review ) OR "meta analy" OR metaanaly ) AND (EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “le”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “ed”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “ch”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “cp”))
Combined sets:
6.	1 AND 4 AND 5 [Population (Substance Abuse) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care) and Study Type (Systematic Reviews)]	556
Final result
7.	6	556

PSYCINFO via EBSCO 26 January 2023

Title: Involuntary substance abuse treatment
Search terms		Items found
TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); DE = Exact keyword; TX = All text; MR = Methodology; N= Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within; nwords from each other.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Population: Substance abuse
1.	(DE "Substance Use Disorder" OR DE "Addiction" OR DE "Alcohol Use Disorder" OR DE "Cannabis Use Disorder" OR DE "Drug Abuse" OR DE "Drug Dependency" OR DE "Inhalant Abuse" OR DE "Opioid Use Disorder" OR DE "Addiction Treatment" OR DE "Alcohol Treatment" OR DE "Drug Addiction")	98 988
2.	TI alcoholi* OR SU alcoholi* OR AB alcoholi*	63 905
3.	TI ( ( ( alcohol OR amphetamin* OR cannabis OR cocaine OR crack OR hallucinogen* OR heroin OR inhalant* OR marijuana OR narcotic* OR phencyclidine* OR psychedelic* OR substance* OR “illicit drug”) N3 ( abuse OR addict OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse OR use ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( alcohol OR amphetamine* OR cannabis OR cocaine OR crack OR hallucinogen* OR heroin OR inhalant* OR marijuana OR narcotic* OR phencyclidine* OR psychedelic* OR substance* OR “illicit drug” ) N3 ( abuse OR addict OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse OR use ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( alcohol OR amphetamine* OR cannabis OR cocaine OR crack OR hallucinogen* OR heroin OR inhalant* OR marijuana OR narcotic* OR phencyclidine* OR psychedelic* OR substance* OR “illicit drug” ) N3 ( abuse OR addict OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse OR use ) ) )	199 171
4.	TI ( ( ( drug* OR opiate* OR opioid* ) N3 ( abuse OR addict* OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse ) ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( drug* OR opiate* OR opioid* ) N3 ( abuse OR addict* OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse ) ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( drug* OR opiate* OR opioid* ) N3 ( abuse OR addict* OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse ) ) ) )	100 251
5.	1 OR 2 OR 3 OR 4	258 825
Setting: Involuntary treatment
6.	(DE "Involuntary Treatment") OR (DE "Residential Care Institutions") OR (DE "Correctional Institutions")	16 105
7.	TI ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR TI ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain* ) ) OR SU ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain) ) OR AB ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*))	160 360
8.	6 OR 7	160 360
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
9.	TI((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR AB((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR SU((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR (MR "Systematic Review" OR MR "meta analysis"
Combined sets:
10.	5 AND 8 AND 9 [Population (LVM) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care) and Study Type (Systematic Reviews)]	265
Final result
11.	10	265

Criminal Justice Abstracts via EBSCO 26 January 2023

Title: Involuntary substance abuse treatment
TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); DE = Exact keyword; TX = All text; MR = Methodology; N= Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within; nwords from each other.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
Search terms		Items found
Population: Substance abuse
1.	TI alcoholi* OR SU alcoholi* OR AB alcoholi*	12 523
2.	TI ( ( ( alcohol OR amphetamin* OR cannabis OR cocaine OR crack OR hallucinogen* OR heroin OR inhalant* OR marijuana OR narcotic* OR phencyclidine* OR psychedelic* OR substance* OR “illicit drug”) N3 ( abuse OR addict OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse OR use ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( alcohol OR amphetamin* OR cannabis OR cocaine OR crack OR hallucinogen* OR heroin OR inhalant* OR marijuana OR narcotic* OR phencyclidine* OR psychedelic* OR substance* OR “illicit drug” ) N3 ( abuse OR addict OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse OR use ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( alcohol OR amphetamin* OR cannabis OR cocaine OR crack OR hallucinogen* OR heroin OR inhalant* OR marijuana OR narcotic* OR phencyclidine* OR psychedelic* OR substance* OR “illicit drug” ) N3 ( abuse OR addict OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse OR use ) ) )	42 202
3.	TI ( ( ( drug* OR opiate* OR opioid* ) N3 ( abuse OR addict* OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse ) ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( drug* OR opiate* OR opioid* ) N3 ( abuse OR addict* OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse ) ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( drug* OR opiate* OR opioid* ) N3 ( abuse OR addict* OR dependen* OR disorder* OR misuse ) ) ) )	22 258
4.	1 OR 2 OR 3	56 645
Setting: Involuntary treatment
5.	TI ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institutional OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR TI ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain* ) ) OR SU ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain) ) OR AB ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*))	98 462
Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
6.	TI((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR AB((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR SU((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys" OR metaanalys) OR (MR "Systematic Review" OR MR "meta analysis")
Combined sets:
7.	4 AND 5 AND 6 [Population (LVM) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care) and Study Type (Systematic Reviews)]	122
Final result
8.	7	122

Page published March 23, 2023